Well equipment



July 17, 1934.

J. F. MOODY WELL EQUIPMENT Filed Nov. 2, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet l July 1.7, 1934. J. F. MOODY WELL EQUIPMENT 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 2, 1925 WELL EQUIPMENT y /0JEP// E M005/ July17,1934. J EMQODY 1,966,454

' WELL EQUIPMENT Filed Nov. 2, 1925 4 sheets-sheet 4 I a5 "9039 E 4- y/ a 1f. V/o 92, 92 1 7a 7/ F76. z w Ffa. y.

I l gwuanto'c 5 i ./wfl/'/ao/ I I I g Patented July 17,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1.960.454 ummm Joeepn r. rua. om.

Application November 2., 1925, Berlal No. 66,421 u clame (cl. u-zss) vThis invention relates to tubing spiders and has for one of its objects the provision of. simple means whereby all of the movable slips may be simultaneously dropped into the tubing spider for effective gripping engagement with the tubing to hold the tubing against further descent.

Also, an important aim ofthe invention is to provide novel means whereby all of the slips may be simultaneously and separately elevated so that the tubing may be either raised or lowered.,

Another important feature of the invention resides in the provision of means whereby a packer may be attached to the spider cage or body to, form in effect an oil saver.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent during the course ofthe following description. In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same, v Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through the improved spider applied, the slips being in their elevated positions; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view through the u improved tubing spider with the slips lin their-A operative positions;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectionalview taken on line'3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken on 3 une 4--4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line5-5ofFig.1;

Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view 6-6 of Fig. 5;

taken on line improved spider equipped with the packer;

Fig. 8 is a perspective of a cross-head embodied in the invention;

Fig. 9 is a side elevation of a connecting bolt 4 embodied in the invention.

In the drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustration is .shown a preferred embodiment of the invention, the numeral 5 designates a casing or casing head into which the tubular attaching portion s of the improvedspider ring or body '1 is extended. As illustratedin Fig. 1, a gasket 8 may be positioned between the lower end of the attaching portion 6 and the supporting shoulder within the upper portion of the memwber 5 to providea substantially gas and pil tight connection. e' R The body '7 is provided with a tapered openingij for the reception of a suitable number of sim-,i` ilarly formed slips 10, the inner faces of which 5 are formed with protuberances 11, these pro- Fig. 7 is a verticalV sectional view through the tubeienees being received in elongated sockets 12 in the opposed faces of wear members 13.

Fig. 1 clearly illustrates that the wear members are held in place by screw bolts 14 or other suitable fastening devices. When the tooth carry- 00 ing wear plates 13 become worn it' is a simple matter to renew'the same. Also, if a slip of a larger lor smaller size is desired this may be provided for by the substitution of a larger or smaller wear member 13. The arrangement 05 illustrated provides for an extremely hard wear resisting plate or member 13, while the slips 10 may be of somewhat softer material.

In carrying out the invention the tapered wall of the body 'I isprovided with inclined shoulders 70 18 and 19 which are engaged by shoulders of the same inclination on the outer faces of the slips 10.. Thus when the slips are moved downwardly they are moved inwardly into firm gripping engagement with the tubing.

The shoulders 18, clearly shownl in Figs. 1 and 2, are located at the upper ends of extensions 24 of the body 7, which extensions provide bearing surfaces of generous areas` for the slips 10 whereby the slips are iirmly held in engagement with the tubing. Particular attention is directed to the fact that the extensions 24 are partly received in sockets 26 in the outer faces of the slips and this arrangement causes the slips to move inwardly and outwardly substantial distances when the same are moved lengthwise.

In carrying out the invention, the slips have connection with the ends of flexible members or cables 30, one end of each cable being connected to the upper end of one of the slips as shown at 31 and the other end of the cable being connected to the outer portion of the slip as shown at 32. 'I'he upper portion of the body 'lis provided -with aplurality4 of openings or channels 34 for the passage and guidance of the lower 95 portion of the cable 30. Fig. 1 plainly illusstrates that a fastener 36 is connected to each cable 30 between-the ends thereof and' is detachably connected to a hanger 37 by a'pin 38 or other quickly detachable connecting device. 'Ihe hangers 37 are permanently connected to the under side of the head 40 of the spider and when it is desired to detach the head for a purpose to be fully hereinafter specified it is merely necessary to first detach the pins 38 106 whereupon the cables 30 drop loosely to the positions illustrated in'Fig. '1. Fig. 1 illustrates that the head 40 is providedwith depending striking elementsA 44 which engage and assure the uniform descent of the slips into the 1 10 tapered opening. This, however, takesv place only when the head is drawn down by the descent of the slips.

'I'he head 40 is normally held in an elevated :position by a plurality of springs 45 which surround telescoping members 46, the outer sections of the telescoping members 46 being anchored to radial lugs 4'7 of the body '7 while the inner sections of the telescoping members are anchored to the head 40. Suitable stops are incorporated in the telescoping members 46 and limit the extension of the same. However, the stops may be quickly disconnected to permit of the disconnection of the head 40.

The latching or hook-on device is in the nature of a base plate 50 secured' tothe head 40 by fastening bolts or other fastening devices 51. The base plate 50 is provided with an opening for the reception of the tubing and this opening is surrounded by an upwardly directed arcuate flange 53, the intermediate portion of the arcuate flange being substantially higher than the ends thereof. With reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 it .will be observed that a toothed dog is mounted on an arm 56 and is adapted to be swung into engagement with the tubing so as to lock the tubing to the base plate 50. Fig. 3 plainly illustrates that the arm 56 is mounted upon a shaft 58, the end of which has a hand controlled lever pivoted thereto. When the lever 60 is resting on a supporting bracket 61 the dog 55 is held in an elevated position. However, When the lever 60 is released from engagement with the bracket 61 a coil spring 63 engaged with the arm 56 is free to swing the dog 55 into engagement with the tubing. Fig. 3 clearly shows that the coil spring 63 is extended through the intermediate portion of the arm 56 and through upstanding ears 64 behind the intermediate portion of the -flange 53 and beneath the arched humps '75 in the arm 56.

It will be seen that when it is desired to cause the descent of the slips 10 into the tapered body it is merely necessary to release the dog 55 so that the same will be engaged by the rapidly descending tubing. This, of course, exerts a substantial downward pressure on the head 40 and the slips are immediately caused to descend into the tapered body' and clutch onto the tubing.

Referring now to Figs. 1, 5 and 6, it will be seen that a shaft is extended through the attaching portion 6 and carries an eccentrically mounted spool-like member '71 for engaging the tubing and straightening the same, the same broad idea being set forth in my Letters Patent No. 1,548,543, dated August 4, 1925. It will be seen that the tubing contact member '71 has a squared bore which snugly receives the squared shaft 70. 'I'he head 73 of the shaft 70 is atly engaged with the bottom wall of a niche '74 in the attaching portion.6 so as to hold the shaft against accidental turning. Suitable washers '76 may be interposed between the head 73 and the inner wall of the niche '74 to prevent leaks, etc.

The opposite end of the shaft 70 is threaded and is provided with arnut '78 to lock thev shaft in place andA to bind the washers '79 firmly in position to prevent the escape of either gas or oil. The -nut '78 provides a means whereby the eccentrically mounted tubing contact member may be locked in the desired position for overcoming the tendency of the tubing to occupy,l an inclined position. The eccentrically mounted member '71 may be turned from time to time as the occasion requires to compensate for wear.

Subsequent to the descent of the slips 10, the head 40 and the clutching-on mechanism including the dog 55 may be completely removed and a packing cap and associated elements substituted therefor. As previously stated, the cables 30 may be quickly removed from the head 40 when it is desired to detach the head 40 and associated mechanism. The cap 80 is provided with an upwardly directed annular shoulder 8l within which a packing unit 82 is placed. A suitable metal sectional washer 83 may rest upon an internal annular shoulder 84 at the upper portion of the cap and will, of course, support the gasket or packing unit 82. A second sectional washer 86 may be pressed into engagement with the' gasket 82 by a pressure plate'89, which pressure plate may be drawn downwardly by the nuts 90 on bolts 91. The lower portions of the bolts 91 have loops 92 which extend about the ears 4'7. The running down of the nuts 90 on the bolts 91 will result in clamping the packing 82 tightly in engagementwith the tubing and the annular flange 8l so as to prevent leakage of gas or oil. Therefore, in case the rigging is blown or burned down leakage of the oil as a result of the bending of the tubing will not take place.

In the operation of the improved apparatus the body is mounted on the casing as shown in Figs. l and 2 and when it is desired to stop the descent of the tubing by engagement of the slips therewith the handle or leverl 60 is moved upwardly and outwardly so as to clear the bracket upon whichv it rests. The spring 63 will now swing the dog 55 into engagement with the tubing vregardless of the diameter of the tubing and the base plate 50 will be forced downwardly with the 'head 40 so that they slips will either drop down or be driven down into the tapered body 7 by the striking element 44. As previously stated, the descent of the slips will bring the tubing to a halt and if desired the head 40 may be removed together with the clutching-on mechanism and the packing illustrated in Fig. 'I substituted to provide a substantially fluid tight arrangement.

Having. thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. A tubing gripping apparatus of the character specified comprisinga body having atapered bore and extensions at the upper portion of the body, and slips received in said bore and having sockets to receive said extensions whereby to permit of the extensive radial movement of the slips, the upper ends of said extensions and the adjacent Walls of said sockets being inclined to support an'd guide said slips in the radial movement thereof.

2. A spider ring comprising a body having a tapered bore and extensions at the upper portion of the body, and slips received in said bore and having sockets adapted to receive said extensions whereby to permit 'of the substantial radial movement of the slips, the lower ends of said slips and the intermediate portion of the wall of said tapered bore being similarly inclined to support and guide said slips in the radial movement thereof.

3. A tubing gripping apparatus comprising a body,.slips associated with the body, cables having their ends connected to the slips, fasteners connected to the intermediate portions of the cables, a head having hangers, pins connecting the hangers to the fasteners, and means assolos ing their ends connected to the slips, fasteners connected tothel intermediate portions of the cables, a head having hangers, pins' connecting the hangers to the fasteners, means associated with the head tosclutch onto a tubing whereby to cause the head to descend, and depending striking elements carried by said head and adapted to force said slips into said body.

5. A tubing gripping apparatus comprising a body, slips associated with the body, cables having their ends connected tothe slips, fasteners connected to the intermediate portions of .the

cables, a head having hangers, pins connecting..v

the hangers to the fasteners, means associated with the head to clutch onto a tubing whereby to cause the head to descend, dependng strik-v ing elements carried by said head and adapted to force said slips into said body, and a plurality of separate-springs vnormally holding said head and said slips in elevated positions.

6. In a tubing gripping mechanism, a plate, a shaft carried thereby, an arm connected to the shaft and having a dog adaptedto engage a tubing, said plate having'tubing contact means opposed to said dog, a spring normally urging the dog into engagement with the tubing, a lever carried by the shaft, and means cooperatingy with the plate and lever to hold the lever in a fixed position whereby the dog is held in an l inoperative position.`

'1. In a tubing gripping mechanism, afbody having i a ytubing contact flange, 'a shaft opposite saiddan'seand having an arm extending therefrom, av dog actuated bysaid arm and to engage the tubing, alever carriedby said shaft, and means cooperating vwith nid body".l

and leverto hold'said dog in an inoperative position. 8. In a tubing grlppfng mechanism. a having `a tubing -eontact flange, a shaft opposite said flange and having anarm extending therefrom, a dog actuated by said arml and adapted1 to engage thestubing, an arm pivoted to said shaft, means cooperating with said body andarm to hold said arm inl an inoperative position, and' spring means constantly rains said dog into engagement with atubing.

9. A tubing gripping mechanism' comprising a body having a tapered bore and extensions vat the upper portion of said' bore, slips adapted .tobereceived in'said'bore,therebeim'zchannels1 between said extensions and saic'igb'c'idmcables connected to the intermediate' portionsof. said slips and extended through said channels, said cables also-being connected to' the upper portions of said slips', fasteners connectedto said cables intermediatethe ends thereof. a bead above said slips, and means may be entirely disconnected fromvthe cables.

detachably connect-A -ing said fasteners to said head whereby the the upper portion of said bore, slips adapted'to be received in said bore, there being channelsy between said extensions and -said body, cables connected to the intermediate portions of said slips and extended through said channels, said cables also being connected tothe upper portions of said slips, fasteners connected to said cables intermediate the ends thereof, a head above said slips, means detachably connecting said fasten -a substantially rotatable shaft .carried by the body and spaced laterally from the axisthereof immediately adjacent sard opening, a tubing contact. member non-rotatably mounted von said shaft, and disposed eccentrically of the shaft 'and body whereby to be extended into said opening on rotation of said shaft and different surfaces presented to the tubing, and'said shaft and body having interensagins locking ,portions for' lockng the shaft against rotation.' y

12, In a device of the class described, a body, a shaft cooperating with the body, a tubingl contactspoolsbaped mounted on the man, said being .providedwith cooperating.A to hold the shaft against turning.. and one ofsaid means being adjustable and removable whereby to secure the shaft in an adjusted 13. In a device of theo "described, a body having an opening forthe passage of a tubing, a spool-shaped member.y within the bodyand adapted te engage; a tubing. means supporting'the. spool-shaped memberfandj an adjustingfdeviee cooperating with said means and .the whereby the spoolshaped member may be adjusted to compensate to change the-position-of the tubing. nipping apparatus'comprising 110 a taperedfbody; slips reeeiveaiathe body, cables s having their connectedito the upper and endof said slips, anda-bead having con- `'with tbejintermedite portions of said their ends connectedto the upper and of said slips, a head, andlhangers wriedfhymdheedendnevmgmeansrorae-m' -enlaging the intermediateportions of misschien. ff

Isupport andgui e said -slipsin'the radial movement thereof. and a pipe centering-means carriedb'ysaidbodyandlocatedadjacenttheoutlet,

ofthe supe ieeeived in sam bore and nav-- mocrmketstoreceive said'extensil'ans whereby w extensions andv the adjacent 'walls of 'said sockets' being inclined to support'andfilide said slips in the radial 18. A tubing gripping apparatus ofthe character specified comprising a body having a tapered bore and extensions at movement .of ist 'the upper portion 11504 of the body, slips received in said bore and having sockets to receive said extensions whereby to` permit of the extensive radial movement of the slips, the upper ends of said extensions and the adjacent walls of said sockets being inclined to support and guide said slips in the radial movement thereof, a pipe centering means carried by said body and located adjacent the outlet of said bore below the ends of the slips, and pipe engaging means for actuating said slips.

19. In a tubing gripping mechanism, a body having a tubing contact flange, a shaft opposite said ange and having an arm extending therefrom, a dog actuated by said arm and adapted to engage the tubing, a second arm pivoted to said shaft, means cooperating with said body and said second arm to hold the latter in an inoperative position, and spring means constantly urging said dog into engagement with a tubing.

20. In a tubing gripping mechanism, a body having a fixed tubing contact portion, a shaft opposite said tubing contact portion and having an arm extending therefrom, a dog actuated by said arm and adapted to engage the `tubing against said fixed contact portion, operating means for said shaft, and spring means for normally actuating said dog into engagement with the tubing.

21. In a tubing gripping mechanism, a body having a fixed tubing contact'portion, a shaft opposite said tubing contact portion and having an arm extending therefrom, a dog actuated by said arm and adapted to engage the tubing against said xed contact portion, operating means for said shaft, and spring means for normally actuating said dog into engagement with the tubing," said spring means acting through said arm.

22. In a tubing gripping mechanism, a body having a fixed tubing contact portion, a shaft opposite said tubing contact portion and having an arm extending therefrom, a dog on said arm and adapted to engage the tubing against said fixed contact portion, operating means for said shaft, spring means for normally actuating said dog into engagement with the tubing, and locking means for holding said dog out of tubingengaging position.

23. A gripping device comprising a frame, a pair of jaws mounted in said frame, said jaws being adapted to clamp a member against movement in one direction and being normally out of contact with such member to be clamped, and

jaw and formed to engage and support a member to be clamped at any point throughout the length of such member, and resilient means coacting with said jaws to normally maintain the auxiliary 'jaw in constant contact throughout the length of a member to be clamped and the clamping` jaw out of contact with such member.

JOSEPH F. MOODY. 

